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The monetary base

Money the central bank actually made.

M0 is currency in circulation plus the reserves banks hold at the Federal Reserve. It is the narrowest measure of money and the only one a central bank creates directly. This is a running record of it, with the plumbing that moves it and plain explanations of what it means.

Monetary base
Monthly
$5.52T
−$216.1B · −3.8% over 12 months
$1.00T$2.00T$3.00T$4.00T$5.00T$6.00T2008201020122014201620182020202220242026
As of 1 July 2026 · FRED series BOGMBASE

Where things stand

Every figure carries the date of the observation it comes from.

All series →
Derived measure

Net liquidity

Federal Reserve total assets less the Treasury General Account less the overnight reverse repo facility. A market convention rather than an official statistic, and useful mainly for showing where central bank money is sitting.

$5.86T
+$17.3B · +0.3% over one month
Total assets
$6.74T
less Treasury General Account
−$883.3B
less overnight reverse repo
−$0.4B
Net liquidity
$5.86T
How this is calculated, and its limits →
$4.00T$5.00T$6.00T$7.00T201620182020202220242026

Source: Federal Reserve Board H.4.1 and Federal Reserve Bank of New York · Weekly · Latest observation 9 September 2026. Figures are subject to revision by the publishing agency.

Understand the numbers

Written to stay correct. None of these pages quotes a figure that goes stale.

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Sourced, dated, and revisable

Every number links to the Federal Reserve series it came from and shows the observation date. Where a series has been discontinued, that is stated rather than charted.

No forecasts

This site reports what the monetary aggregates have done and explains the mechanisms behind them. It does not predict rates, inflation or asset prices, and nothing here is investment advice.

Independent

M0.com is an independent publication. The name refers to the monetary base in its ordinary economic sense and the site is unaffiliated with any company using a similar name.